Developmental Milestone of a Child at 4 Years and 5 Years
Definition of Baby Developmental Milestone:
Developmental milestones are behaviors or physical skills seen in infants and children as they grow and develop. Rolling over, crawling, walking, and talking are all considered as developmental milestones. These are the parameters of different age of children, which gives an idea about the average estimate of the time when the child can be expected to have certain skills. Developmental milestones are a set of functional skills or age-specific tasks that most children can do at a certain age range.
Fig: Developmental milestones of a child at 4 years and 5 years
Developmental Milestone of a Child at 4 Years:
Developmental Milestones of a Child at 4 Years
Gross motor
Runs smoothly, varying speeds.
Hops on one fool (4-9 times).
Balances on one foot (8-10 seconds).
Bounces ball with beginning control.
Throws ball overhand.
Handles stairs with alternating feet using rail.
Fine motor
Copies cross and square.
Attempts to cut on straight line.
Has established hand dominance.
“Writes” on page at random.
May try to print own name.
Draws person-arms and legs directly from head.
Cognitive function
Understands opposite analogies.
Follows 3-stage commands.
Listens eagerly to stories.
Follows directions with prepositions (e.g., “above,” under”).
Loves silly songs, names.
Increasing use of imagination.
Enjoys dress-up play.
Is interested in time concepts (e.g., yesterday, hour, minute).
Identifies several capabilities.
Rote counts to 10.
Counts 4 items.
Categorizes animals, food, toys.
Matches geometric forms.
Identifies missing part.
Expressive Language
Uses all parts of speech correctly.
Has vocabulary of 2,000- plus words.
Uses color names.
Defines words in terms of use (e.g., car, pencil).
Asks many questions (e.g., why, what, how).
Has 100% production and use of consonants.
Corrects own errors in pronunciation of new words.
Social behavior
Has sense of humor and self-laughing.
Is dogmatic and dramatic.
Shows urge to conform/ please is diminished.
May have control issues.
May be physically aggressive.
Is self-sufficient in own home.
Has nightmares.
May argue, boast, and make alibis.
Calls attention to own performance.
Bosses and criticizes others.
Rarely sleeps at nap time.
Separates from mother easily.
Often has “special” friend.
Prefers peers to adults.
Washes face, brushes teeth, and dresses self.
Uses bathroom unassisted.
Developmental Milestones of a Child at 5 Years:
Developmental Milestones of a Child at 5 Years
Gross motor
Balances on one foot.
Skips smoothly.
Uses roller skates.
Rides bicycle with training wheels.
Balances on tiptoes.
Fine motor
Handedness firmly established.
Colors within lines.
Cuts on line.
Copies circle, square, and triangle.
Is not adept at pasting or gluing.
Draws within small areas. ,
Ties knot in string after demonstration.
Language development
Receptive Language:
Listens briefly to what others say.
Understands 6,000 words.
Categories words.
Guesses object by attribute or use of clues (e.g., “”What bounces?”).
Points to first and last in a line-up.
Expressive Language:
Has vocabulary of 2,500-plus words.
Repeats days of the week by rote.
Defines words and asks for word meanings.
Acts out stories.
Gives rhyming word after example.
Cognitive function
Is often ready to enter kindergarten.
Appreciates past present, and future.
Can count 6 objects when asked, “How many?”
Begins to enjoy humorous stories and slapstick humor.
States address, age, name, and ages of siblings.
Acts out stories.
Learns left from right.
Matches 10-12 colors.
Predicts what will happen next.
School milestones
Prints first name and simple words.
Writing is mostly capital letters.
Frequently copies left to right.
Reversals are common (e.g., writes b as d).
Reads letters in sequence.
Recognizes first name.
Recognizes several or all numerals on clock, phone, and calendar.
Maria Khatun Mona is a Founder and Editor of Nursing Exercise Blog. She is a Nursing and Midwifery Expert. Currently she is working as a Registered Nurse at Evercare Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. She has great passion in writing different articles on Nursing and Midwifery. Mail her at “maria.mona023@gmail.com”
