Management, Prevention and Treatment of Malaria Disease
What is Malaria Disease?
Malaria is an infectious disease caused by plasmodium and transmitted by the bite of female anopheles mosquito, characterized by-fever, anemia, splenomegaly etc. It is a protozoal disease caused by infection with parasites of the genus plasmodium and transmitted to man by certain of infected female anopheles mosquito.
Management and Treatment of Malaria Disease:
A. Uncomplicated malaria:
Day | Drug and dose | Tablet | Total dose |
1st | Chloroquine (150 mg) | 4 tab. single dose once after meal | 600 mg |
2nd | Chloroquine (150 mg) | 3 tab. single dose once after meal | 450 mg |
3rd | Chloroquine (150 mg) | 3 tab. single dose once after meal | 450 mg |
4th | PrÃmaquine 15 mg | 3 tab. single dose | 45 mg |
B. Treatment of Chloroquine resistant malaria / Treatment failure malaria:
In most areas of the world P. falciparum is now resistant to chloroquine.
Day | Drug and dose | Tablet | Total dose |
1st | Quinine 300 mg base | 2 tab. (8 hourly 3 times daily) | 600 mg |
2nd | Quinine 300 mg base | 2 tab. (8 hourly 3 times daily) | 600 mg |
3rd | Quinine 300 mg base | 2 tab. (8 hourly 3 times daily) | 600 mg |
4th | Quinine 300 mg base + Fansider | 2 tab. (8 hourly 3 times daily) +3 tab. Single dose 2 times daily | 600 mg |
On 8th day primaquine 15 mg single dose 3 tablet
C. Severe malaria/cerebral malaria:
1. Loading dose: Quinine dihydrochloride 20 mg/kg bdoy weight by IV infusion
2. Maintenance dose: After 8 hours
- Quinine salt: 10 mg/kg body weight, over 4 hours by IV infusion.
- Maintenance dose should be continued 8 hurly until the patient can swallow tab to complete the 7 day course.
3. Fansidar single dose on the 3rd day.
4. Primaquine single dose on the 4th day.
How to Prevent and Control Malaria Disease?
The following measures should be taken to prevent and control malaria disease-
1. Measures to be applied by the individual:
- Prevention of man/ Vector contact: Using repellants protection clothing bed-nets screening of houses.
- Destruction of adult mosquitoes: Use of domestic space spray.
- Destruction of mosquito larvae: Peri-domestic sanitation intermittent during of water container.
- Source reduction: Small scale drainage system.
- Measures against malaria parasite: Chemoprophylaxis and chemotherapy.
2. Measures to be applied by the community:
- Prevent of man/vector contact: Site selection and screening of houses.
- Destruction of mosquito larvae: Using larvicides.
- Source reduction: Prevention of man-made malaria environment sanitation water management.
More questions related to this article:
- What is the definition of malaria?
- What do you mean by malaria?
- Write down the management of malaria.
- Describe the treatment of malaria.
- How will you treat a case of malaria?
- How will you control malaria?
- Write down the controlling measures of malaria.
Maria Khatun Mona is a Founder and Editor of Nursing Exercise Blog. She is a Nursing and Midwifery Expert. Currently she is working as a Registered Nurse at Evercare Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. She has great passion in writing different articles on Nursing and Midwifery. Mail her at “[email protected]”
